Excavating machine



April 18, 1961 D. L. RAYMOND ETAL 2,979,838

EXCAVATING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed MaICh 23, 1959 t D a H mw u 2 www Tw OOOOOOOOO Nv WMM a NN AO OO soo mw N OdM d R of@ a N o@ q wkn ww O n L0 /T OO O o M .mm A o N Ooo@ NM w H o o N o t D M Q O O x Y e/ O O N\ VIV B w eww. O wm O o o o o o o o o o o o o o @n o Q G C C G o.. o O w u m/ a O Y i o T e.. u OD O o o o o o o o o o o o U1 5 S ..l Q o* o "Il ..A.0., o O Q OO wm OO o No m. OOOOOOO no NY o on T g N y w am n. S m mw C C mm. S. o

.l Musil April 18, 1961 D. l.. RAYMOND ETAL 2,979,838

EXCAVATING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 25, 1959 IN V EN TORS DAvin Hmmm. BY

L. RAYMoNo M D H. Hoo

Tam]

April 18, 1961 D. l.. RAYMOND ETAL 2,979,838

EXCAVATING MACHINE Filed March 25, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 sa //l PTU l h l 37 JNVENToRs DAvin L. 'RAYMOND M 5 l HnRoLn H. Hoeven.

ATTORNEY5 April 18, 1961 Filed March 23, 1959 D. L. RAYMOND ETAL EXCAVATING MACHINE JN/ENTORS DAVE L. 'RAYMorm A@ HARoLp AH. HoovER Y 752/12/ Melua/IIJ ATTORNEYS 6 Sheets-$heet 4 April 18, 1961 D. L. RAYMOND Erm. 2,979,838

EXCAVATING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed March 23, 1959 INVENTORJ` DAvin L. 'RAYMoNp- Mp HAnoLD H- Hbovsn Arfoansys April 18, 1961 D. L. RAYMOND ETAL 2,979,838

EXCAVATING MACHINE NVENTORS Dnvin L. 'RM/mom: m HARM H. HoovsR ATTORNEYS trenching machine, :for greatlyincreasing the lelciency .of V l I d EXCAVATING MACHINE David L. Raymond, Dayton, Harold Hoover, Cleveland, Ohio, assignors to The Cleveland Trencher Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Filed Mar. 23, 19579, Ser. No. 801,984 12 Claims. (Cl. 37-97) often times of a rotary wheel on the periphery of which are mounted a plurality of bucket elements which scoop up the material being excavated andmoveit to a discharge station on the machine, where it Vis handled generally by a power driven conveyor, or other suitable mechanism, to move the excavated material to 'the'Vr sides of the excavation. The aforementioned buckets generally are provided with a plurality of Vexcavator or rooter teeth projecting outwardly and forwardly therefromI for digging into the material to be excavated and facilitating its removal by the buckets. The maximum elliciency of any excavating machine is reached when the greatest amount of material is dugY in a unit of time. l

The nature of the soil affects the eilciency of the machine and heretofore considerable difficulty-was encountered when attempting to operate in or to excavate rela"- tively hard material such as the coral or the like. f l

The present 4invention-'provides a scariler orscoring blade arrangement forthe digging unit of a trenching machine for slicing or Yripping `vhard materialv to be excavated prior to its being engaged bylthe conventional excavator' teeth of the moving buckets of the'f=unit, to facilitate the removal of the material by the digging unit, and thus greatly increase the eliciency'of the machine. In addition, the present 'arrangement improves theoperating characteristics of thedigging unit in hard material by helping to alleviate the pounding of the digging Vunit when operating in such hard material. a Accordingly, anobject of the invention is to provide an' excavating machine embodying an improved digging unit forV effective use or operation fin relatively? hard material.

Another object of the invention is to provide'a trenching machine of the latter 'type Ywherein the'digger unit embodies conventional buck'etand excavator tooth structure, in combination with a novel ripper or cutter blade A further object of the invention is A,to'provide a novel and-uncomplicated ripper blade arrangement-'for `use with the excavatingfbucke'ts `off-the'diggingunit of a the digging when operating'f auvel aforementionedV shale,

Patented Apr. 18, 1961 ice A stillfurther object of the invention is to provide a ripper or cutter blade arrangement of the latter type for use with a wheel type trenching machine for greatly increasing the operating and service-life characteristics of the digging unit of the machine when operating in hard Y material, and aiding to eliminate pounding vof the digging unit and resultant detrimental vibration of the machine proper.

f Other features and advantages of theinvention will be apparent from a consideration of the following description taken inconjunction with the'accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. l is a side elevation of an excavating machine embodying the instant invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary, enlarged, side elevational view ofone of the buckets of the digging unit of the excavating machine of Fig. l. 'Fig 3 is a front elevational view taken generally from the right hand side of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a front elevational view of the next adjacent bucket to that shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and taken in a counterclockwise direction with respect to the digging unit as illustrated in Fig. 1. Y

Fig. 5 is afront elevational view of the bucket next adjacent to that of Fig. 4 and taken in counterclockwise direction as viewed vin Fig. 1. Y

Fig. 6 is an enlarged, side elevational view of one of the holder elements for the ripper blade arrangement of ythe instant invention with an associated ripper blade v(shown in dot-dash lines) being mounted therein. Y Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the holder element illustrated in Fig. 6. a Y A Y,

Fig. 8 is a sideV elevational view of one embodiment of thenovel ripper blade elements of the instant'invention. Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the ripper blade element illustrated in Fig.` 8. e Fig. 10 is an end elevational view of another of the ripper blade elements utilized in the novel ripper blade arrangement of the instant invention wherein the blade element is bent so that when in mounted position on a bucket, the cuttingrportion thereof is disposed in a plane extendin'g'generally parallel to the plane of movement of the bucket, and asca'n be best understood from the right hand side of Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings.

Fig. l1 is a fragmentary, enlarged, side elevational view Fig.l 13 is an enlarged, side elevational view of one'fof l vthe holder elements for the ripper blade arrangement of Figs'. V-11 and 12, with an associated ripper blade (shown Vin dot-dash lines) being mounted therein. f j Fig. 14`is a top plan view of the holder elementillustrated in Fig. 13. Y Y

` "Fig. 15 is 'an enlarged side elevation ofv one ofthe ripper blade elements utilized in the Figs. 11 and `1-2 arrangement, Vas taken from the right hand Yside of Fig; 12. Fig.v 16 is a view generally similar to Fig.V l2, but showing a further modification of the invention. l Referringagan 'to the drawings and'especially to Fig. l thereof, there isshown a trenching machine Yof the well known wheel type embodying the instant invention. Such a trenching or excavating machine broadly comprises a'jmain framev 10 supported on suitable trac'- tor treads 12,'a main power plant orV internal combustion 'engine 14 supported on theforward end oftrame y110, maststructurel forfsupporting ali-vertically movable structure 18, an excavating-wheel or unit l2t) rotati d aztehtheffre'spectiverooter'fteeth 38,.,1

ably mounted on boom 1'8 by means of wheel and frame arrangement 22 and 22a, and drivingly connected to the motor unit 14 of the machine by the chain and sprocket arrangement generally referred to. by reference number 24, and a transversely extendingv discharge conveyor 26 which is adapted to receive material. from the buckets 2.7 of diggingunit and then carrying it to. either side of the machine. Boom structure 18 is pivotally mountedwith. respect to the mast structure 16, as at. 28, for movement in a generally vertical plane, and maybe raised and lowered on mast structure 16 as by means of cablei and pulley systems 30. actuated by winding drums 32 and .'34 mounted on the.. machine frame. will be. understood of course that other structural arrangements and systems could be utilized for controlling the. movementof boom 18 and associated digging unit 20 without departing fromthe. scope of the present invention. Y

.The digging unit of` the. machine is adapted to .rotate in the direction of the arrow Z in Fig. 1 so that. the forward edge of the excavatingl buckets andassociated rooter teeth Vwill engage the material. to beV excavated, scoo'prit up and then carry-it upwardly to discharge'conveyor 26.: Y

The excavating buckets 27 are of generally U-shaped configuration in front elevation wi'rh theA leg portions 27a thereof secured as by means of fastener elements. 36 tothe respective sides of the wheel of the digging unit and having some suitable backfup means 37 such` las in thev form of a` solid backrwall or thespaced'finger ele- V-ments illustrated, for retaining the material dug,y in the of, buckets substantially completely engage vand excavate Y thel total predetermined transverse width of the trench.

Infother Words,` in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the buckets are illustrated in a series of three Y cent buckets, whereby the teeth of. a predetermined series f buckets designatedfby letters A, B,fand-Crespectively, q d Y l Vparallel tojthe plane-of movement oft digging unit', to

with ther.ooter teeth on bucket'B, which follows bucket A, being generally disposed transversely of the roeier teeth on bucket A, and with rooter teeth on bucket `C beingV disposed transversely of those on buckethB, to thereby provide asubstantially clean cut trenchor excavation for its total width. lt will be understood of course that depending on the width and number ofthe rooter teeth-and the width of the buckets, the latter couldbe 4 n Each holder element, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, is of fabricated construction comprising side walls 44, and front and rear walls 46 and 48 re spectively (Figs. 6 and 7), defining there between a socket 50 for receiving therein a ripper blade 40. The front and rear walls have rearwardly and downwardly sloping inner surfaces 46a andl 48a respectively adapted to engage the confronting end surfaces 52 of the ripper blade 40 and support the substantially Vupstanding blade in a. generally diagonally andfforwar'dly sloping position. The side walls 44Yof the holder are provided. withV aligned openings 5-4 threinfor receiving a pinelement- 56 extending through the side walls and through a complementary opening 578 in the base of the ripper blade 40 for holding the blade in vassembled position in its socket. The pin 56 may be held in assembled position by a force fit or any other suitable means.

Tbe ripper blades 40 are preferably formed oihardened steel or the like, and with the inner end "surfaces 60r thereof, which are adapted. for disposal in the holder elements, preferably so formed as. to engage in surfacef to-surface coaction with the confronting surface/dof the bucket when in assembled relation with the holder.. The outer end surface 62 of the ripper blade in the Fig. 8- embodiment is formed to extend generally parallel to theT bottom. surface thereof and thus rgenerally parallel tor the. exterior configuration of the lip portion 39 of the bucket,j and are. of generally parallelogramcong.- uration Vin side elevation in thev embodiment r illustrated. .The blade elements; are formed so. asYV to projectgenerally beyond. the path of movement of: the associated rooter toothy on the respective bucket,. andthus cut or intofthe hardenedjrmaterial. beingv excavated a predeermined greater amount, thanv do the roo'ter teeth,

Y In. the, embodiment,l of the.inventionillustrated-in .1. to: 1.0- the; ripper blades are-'positioned rearwardly'of the forward edge 64 (Fig. 2) of the respective bucket, and inwardly ofthe outer ends of the associated rooter teeth, and thus givev a substantially greater support for the buckets during the excavating. operation, to aid-.in alleviaing, pounding of the` digging unit when operating in the. aforementioned hard material, .Asfbestlshowng in Figs. 3 and lgof. the drawings, the ripper {blades} 4.0,' disposed, along the side portions of tbebuckets, are bent intermediate their ends, a predetermined amount, as: at 6,5-..and above the opening 58.- therethrough, Vso, to maintain. the cutting portions thereof in planes generally thereby aid, in. preventing inadvertent Vfracture iof; the blade s'.-and providinga longerservice life therefor.v Thus the.Y cutter bladesA 40. haveA a bi-planar configuration as opposedtto theY planar configurationi of blades The ripper blades are'preferablyV solpositioned on their associatedv buckets so, that 1 they arei generally aligned in,a longitudinal.. direction with. therooter teeth on the grouped in a different numericalV series, to provide sub- Y -stantially complete engagement of the rooter 'teethfin one particular serieswith the complete width of the fnainventive concept in the"instant application.V Y

In accordance. with the invention, eacht bucket 27-v is provided lwith` a -plurality of ripper: blades v,40 sete'dgewise and. mounted around Athe exterior of the respective buckets, for cutting or slicing into -hard material: prior Y toengagement of the material byftheA ,rooter teeth Qnthe following bucket, to facilitate the digging of the material fromthe trench. YEach of the rippereblades, ,invv the, ern.- bodiment illustrated, istsupported in:a holderelement42 following bucket, so that therooter teethon such folx lowing bucket always engage the hard'. material in the vicinity o fv where it has beenv cut Yorsliced into. by the (Figs. 6 and 7) which ismounted by jany suitable-means,

Y such. as .welds 43 to the periphery; of ftheA buckeg, and

ripperblades on.-thepreceeding bucket;` This-can be best seen from Figs. 3 to 5 of the drawings. The ripper blades.' on bucket A are'positioned so as t'o be generally longitudinallyi aligned with the rooter teethV 3,8 .on 'follow ingbucket. B, as` taken in..a fcounterclockwisedirection inFig 1...'and the ripper bladeston, bucket B. (Fig. `d) are disposed in general'VV alignment with therooter teeth onbucket C (Fig. 5;), while .the ripperblades on bucket C aref generally alignedwith the rooterteethcn-the-next following bucket A, the buckets and associatcdrooter teeth beingfassembled orr. .the wheel. of. the 'digging unit asfaforediscussed in-series-of threes.

' In operation, .Y the. trenchingmachine,v moves forwardly in. therdirectin .Off the; arrow, Xi. inFig. Q1, while the.V dig? Binz wheel. .rctates.. withstheripneribladesontor instance .bucket A, slicing into'the hard material, followipf; which erases therooter teeth on following bucket B undercut such sliced or-ripped material, and then'the latter is scooped up by the buckets and moved to the discharge conveyor 26 where it-xs dischargedto the sides of the excavation. Since the ripper blades are of relatively thin, hardened, plate-like material, they readily cut or score into the hard material to be excavated with relatively little fresistance, and greatly expedite the digging of the trench. If the ripper blades become undulyfworn after long service or inadvertently fracture infoperation', they'can be readily replaced by removal of the connecting pins 56 from their, respective holders. -Frther rnore, such ripper blades do not interfere with ther operationof the machine in softer" soilsandfrnayflbelleftY in mounted position, if so desired, rthe blaties' rnaybbe'n removed from' the holders, with `tlelattrfbeingf left on fthe buckets. l I1* f Referring now to Figs. 11 to l5, `there"is's'liovvrfa modification of the invention. In this modification,` the holder elements 70 are secured by any suitable means, such as welds, to the outer surface 71 of an arcuate-like elongated strap element 72, which in turn is mounted or secured by anysuitable means, such as welding, to the periphery of the bucket, so thatthe under surface 73 of the strap element is disposed in"confronting relation with the exterior ofthe bucket. The strap element 72 and attached holder elements 70 are mounted further rearwardly on the associated bucket as compared `to the first embodiment of the invention and thus give even greater support to the digging unitwhen operating in hard material to alleviate pounding and associated vibration in the machine. Moreover the holder elements in this embodiment may include a bottom wall portion 74V which serves to reduce the length of the associated ripper blade 76 for a predetermined magnitude of projection above the associated rooter teeth 38 on the bucket. The front and rear wall portions 78`and 78a, of the Figs. 13 and 14 holder 70, are also` recessed within the side wall portions 44, as opposed to the lirst described embodiment wherein the front and rear walls projected outwardly from the side walls thereof. vThe outer end surface 80 of the ripper blade in this embodiment is sloped downwardly in a rearward direction as compared to the inner end surface 80u thereof, to provide va sharper leading point 82 for the cutter blades when in' mounted positionV on the rearward 'end of the associated bucket.

As shown in Figs. v11 and 12, the holder elements 70 lare mounted on associated strap 72 so as to be disposed in planes extending generally p arallelto'the plane of movement of the buckets and parallel to a vertical plane passing through the center of curvature of strap 72. Spacer elements 84 may be utilized to provide for the parallelV plane relationship. As may be best seen in Fig. l1, the central or uppermost of the holder elements 70 are preferably spaced from the forward .orf leading edge 86 `of the associated` strap, while the lower or outermost holder elements disposed more along the sides of the bucket, are positioned substantially 'llush with such forwardedge 86 of strap 72, to Vprovide a` longitudinally off-set. arrangement. In all other respects, the Figs. 11 10,115.. arrangement is generally similar to the first described .embodiment ofthe invention.

It willvbeV seen that such a unit arrangement of a mounting strap with theholder or socketl elements 70 all secured thereto in one packaged sub-assemblyfm'akes -it 'much easier to.,apply,A orremove `the. -ripper A'blades to or from the buckets. Y

- Fig.Y 16 shows a further modification of the invention Vwherein the holder elements 70 are secured to the outer embodiment of the invention or may be of the bent typ'e of ripper blade as illustrated in Fig. l0 of the first described embodiment of the invention whichever is deemed most desirable for the material to be excavated. In any event, the Fig. 16 arrangement provides a unitary sub-assembly which can readily be mounted on or removedfroma bucket and in'a similar manner as aforedescribedl in connection vwith the Figs. 1l to 15 embodiment. v 'f A suitable materialfor the cutter blades of the invention has been found'to be :Ms inch, 1060 to 1080 steel plate, heat treated to Rockwell, C, 50-55 hardness, but

itfvvill be lunderstood'of course that other suitable materials vor otheritypes of steels could be utilized.

While the scoring or scarifying blade arrangement of the invention has beenv illustrated in the drawingsV as being applied'to the buckets, itY will be understood that such structure could be applied to the digging unit in'- termediate the buckets, without departing from the scope of the invention, such as by mounting a scoring blade arrangement of proper size and as for instance the type illustrated in Fig. l2 of the drawings, directly on the excavating wheel 2,0 intermediate the bucket members. It will also be understood that while the bucketshave been illustratedas being of an arcuate or rounded de'- sign, any other conventional configuration of bucket could also be used, such as a square design, without departing from the scope of the invention.

From the foregoing description and accompanying drawings, it will be seen that the instant invention provides Yan vexcavating or trenching machine with an Vimproved digging unit particularly adapted for use in hard .types of material, such as shale, coral, sandstone and the like, and embodying slicer means which greatly increases the eiciency of the digging unit and helps to alleviate the pounding.1 of the digging unit, when operating in such hard material, thereby greatly increasing the service life and useability of the machine.

The terms and expressions which have beenemployed are used as terms of description and not of limitation', and there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding any equivalents of any of the features described or shown, or portions thereof, but it is recognized that various 'modifications are possible within the'scopeof the invention claimed.

We claim: 1. In a mobiletrench excavating machine, having a movable continuous digging unit including a plurality of excavating buckets with rooter teeth mounted on' the leading' edges of said buckets, the rooter teeth on said buckets being so arranged that the rooter teeth on one bucket are spaced laterally of the rooter teeth on the next following bucket so that substantially the entire transverse width offthetrench to be excavated will be engaged by footer teeth on a predetermined series of buckets, the combination therewith of scarifier blade means mounted on said unit and projecting outwardly therefrom, each of said buckets having a predetermined number of said blademeans associated therewith, the blade means associated with `a respective bucket being offset laterally with respect to oney another and with respect to the rooter teeth on the respective bucket and being generally aligned in a `direction longitudinally of said digging unit with the rooter teeth on the next following bucket, said blade means being adapted to score material to be excavated and facilitate its removal from the trench by said digging unit. 2'. In avmobile trench'V excavating machine, a support,

fa movablecontinuous digging unit mounted on said sup'- port, said digging unit including a plurality of excavating buckets secured -to the periphery of said unit andV having `rooteriteet'h secured to *the leading edges of'said buckets and projecting forwardly therefrom, the rooter teeth on said buckets being so arranged that the rooter teeth on one bucket are spaced laterally lof vthe rooter `teeth onk i In .a mobile trench s thenext followingbuck'et so that substantially the entire transverse width of the trench to b e excavated will be f movable continucusdiggins unit including a plurality-Y et engaged'by the rooter teethV on 'a1 predetermined series of of the digging unit with the rooter teeth on the following v 3. In a mobile excavating machine in accordance with claim 2; wherein said'blades on a respective bucket are mounted directly intermediate the asseciatedY rooter teeth andY adjacent: the leading ve dg eo fe theV respective bucket. a l, t f

, 4. In a mobile excavating machine in-` accordance with claim 2 whereinrsaid blades on a respective bucketare mounted rearwardly of the associated router teethv and generally adjacent the rearward ,edgeA o f therrespective bucket; Y

- 5. In a Vmobile excavating machine in accordance with claim Zeincluding means'detachably securing said blades to therespective bucketp 6. A cutter blade sub-assembly adapted for mounting as a unit and in transversely extending relation on the exterior of a toothed excavating bucket of Va multi-bucket digging unit of a mobile excavating machine, said Vvsubassembly comprising a strap-like mounting member hav- Ying an under surface on one side thereof adapted to, be

`disposed in confronting relation with theexterior of the bucket and having an outer surfaceon the other side thereof, laterally. spaced holder members secured to said outer surface, each of said holder members being spaced vpredetermined amounts` laterally of the next adjacent of said holder members, each of said holder members having. an outwardly facing socketV therein, a scarificr blade Velement set in each of said sockets, and means extending into said socket and coacting between each holder membei" and the respective blade element for detachably securing the blade elements in their respective sockets, said means being removable from the respective socket to permit removal of the respective blade element while leaving the respective holder member in secured relation on said mounting member,

7. In a'cuttcrbladei sub-assemblyaccordance with claim 6 wherein certain of said holder members are disposed in staggered relation in aV longitudinal direction .with respectl to other of said holder members.

e 8.`In a mobile trench excavating machine having a movable continuous digging unit including a plurality of excavating buckets with rooter teeth mounted on the leading edges of said buckets, the rooter teeth on said buckets being so arranged that` the footer teeth on one bucket are vspaced laterally of the rooter teeth oni the excavating buckets with meter teeth, mcuuted 10u. the leadingr .edges afraid buckets, the meter YteethV cusad buckets being; scl arranged that'. the frocterfteeth Y 911; 011e bucket are spaced laterally of-tl1eroote r teeth/jon the next following bucket so that cubstautallvthe gentire transverse widthv cf the trench te be' eteevetest -witl be engaged by the meter teeth cna predetermined Series 0f buckets, a pluralityv of scarier blade sub-assemblies mounted on the exterior of saidj digging unit,A each of said buckets having oneof said sub-assembliesrmounted thereon, each subezassembly comprising a mounting. membedr extending transversely u of therespective bucket and providing an outwardly facing support surface, a plurality of scaritier blade elements secured on saidmounting member and projecting outwardly `from said-surface, said blade elements being otset laterally with respect to one Vanother anddwith respect to thel rooter teeth onV the respective bucket and being vgenerally aligned in a direction longitudinally of said digging unit with therooter teeth on thecnext followingbucket.

t l0. A cutter blade sub-assembly in ,accordanceV with claim 6 wherein saidV mounting member'is bent into a generally arcuate-like configuration, saidY outer surface being convex, said holder members being of block-like exterior configuration, and'spacermeans disposed be,- tween 'the under side of said holder members and the .confronting outer surface of said mounting member to ,supportfsaid' holder members'so that the latter are disposed in Vverticalplarrcs, extending generally parallel to a vertical plane passingthrougii the'l center of vcurvature of said mounting memberQ v ll. lIn a cutter blade `Vsubfassentbly inaccordance with claim @wherein said mounting member is bent into a Ygenerallyv arcuate-like configuration, said outer surface being convex, saidfholder members being mounted ,on 'said outer surface in radially extending Vrclationrtherefrom.-

.12. In a mobile trench excavating machine in accordance-with claim 2 wherein each of said lbuckets is of arcuate exterior'conguration in transverse vertical sec- .tion and wherein each of said bladesis of generally elongated construction includingjnner and -outcr ends, the ,blades disposed .along the` side portions of `airespectivc bucket beingbent intcrrnediatefsaid inner and Youte'rendrs generally .transversefofthe respective blade,v so as to presenty a bi-planar configuration in front elevation, with the outer pOrtion ,of-cachof: said bent blades Vbeing dis transverse width of the trench toy bef'e'xcavatedrwill b e engagediby .the rooter teeth on a predetermined series'of buckets, the combination therewith of Ya plurality of scarifer blade sub-assemblies mounted on the exterior of wardly from said surface, said bladeeclernents being oifset laterally Withlrespect to one another and with "respectv to the rooterteeth on the respective bucket and 'being generally aligned inA a direction longitudinally of isaidl ',bucket. l f Y r excavating machine Yhaving a digging uni-t with the roote'rv teeth on thefnext following 'nextl following bucket Vso that substantiallythe entire posed in generally vertical. planefextendng parallel to Y the longitudinal vertical center plane o f thefrespefctive bucket` f i References Cited -in the tile of this' patent Y UNITED STATES .PATENTS 59,14() Sawyer Oct. 23, 1866 101,112 Dyev Mar. 22, 1870 2,708,893Y Y Dougine Oct` 18, 1878 229,730 Menge t July v6,188() 263,994 Tharraldson -.Q Sept; Y5, V1882 708,753 ButlerV Sept. 9,' '1902 908,317 Organ ---'.en- Dec. 29,1908 993,785 McCormick May 30, 1911 1,113,952 i ..Gc'LpZOg 1914 v1,184,238 7 Hickey 1-; .May 23; 1916 KY.1,467,828 y Sept.` 11, 1923 1,480,277 .Y 9.1; Jan. 8, 1924 1,802,106 Apr. 21, 1931 2,114,129V` '.*Aprl 12,11938 2,699,323? ....;Jan'. l1, .1955 FQREIGN PATENTS Y, 

